Introduction of hot work die steel

热作模具钢如果再细分就是：压铸模具钢、热锻模具钢和热挤压模具钢了，普通热作模具钢不能胜任别的压铸模具，但是别的压铸模具用钢是可以用在低级别的热作模具上的，它们之间的特性和差距巨大。

If the hot work die steel is subdivided into die-casting die steel, hot forging die steel and hot extrusion die steel, ordinary hot work die steel can not be competent for high-level die-casting die, but high-level die-casting die steel can be used in low-level hot work die, and there is a huge gap between their characteristics and prices.

例如原产地进口的8418模具钢加上税率和运费以及关口产生的其他费用，每公斤要100元以上，低于100元就有可能是假货了。我们国内也有很多家冶炼企业在生产8418，差一点的40多元，国产的也在60元以上。

For example, 8418 die steel imported from the country of origin, plus tax rate, freight and other expenses incurred by the customs, costs more than 100 yuan per kilogram. If it is less than 100 yuan, it may be a fake. There are also many smelting enterprises in China producing 8418, which is less than 40 yuan, and the best one in China is more than 60 yuan.

热作模具钢使用寿命

Service life of hot work die steel

定模具使用寿命重要的因素往往是模具材料的耐磨性。模具在工作中承受相当大的压应力和摩擦力，要求模具能够在强烈摩擦下仍保持其尺寸精度。

The most important factor to determine the service life of the die is often the wear resistance of the die material. The die bears considerable compressive stress and friction in work, so it is required that the die can maintain its dimensional accuracy under strong friction.

模具的磨损主要是机械磨损、氧化磨损和熔融磨损三种类型。为了改善模具钢的耐磨性，就要既保持模具钢具有高的硬度，又要保证钢中碳化物或其他硬化相的组成、形貌和分布比较合理。

There are three main types of wear: mechanical wear, oxidation wear and melt wear. In order to improve the wear resistance of die steel, it is necessary to keep the die steel with high hardness and ensure the reasonable composition, morphology and distribution of carbides or other hardening phases in the steel.

对于重载、高速磨损条件下服役的模具，要求模具钢表面能形成薄而致密粘附性好的氧化膜，保持润滑作用，减少模具和工件之间产生粘咬、焊合等熔融磨损，又能减少模具表面进行氧化造成氧化磨损。所以模具的工作条件对钢的磨损有较大的影响。

For the die in service under heavy load and high speed wear condition, it is required that thin and dense oxide film with good adhesion can be formed on the surface of die steel to maintain lubrication, reduce melting wear such as sticking and welding between die and workpiece, and reduce oxidation wear on die surface. Therefore, the working conditions of the die have a great influence on the wear of the steel.