模具钢硬度是衡量模具钢质量的主要标准。一旦出现模具钢硬度不均的问题，可以说这种模具钢已经是废钢了。为了防止模具钢硬度不均的问题，小编收集了一些模具。钢材硬度不均的原因及对策，小编将与大家分享。

The hardness of die steel is the main standard to measure the quality of die steel. Once the problem of uneven hardness of die steel occurs, it can be said that this kind of die steel is already scrap. In order to prevent uneven hardness of die steel, Xiaobian collected some dies. The reasons and Countermeasures for uneven hardness of steel will be shared with you.

产生原因

Cause

1）模具截面大，钢的淬透性差。例如，大型模具选用淬透性低的钢。

1) The die section is large and the hardenability of steel is poor. For example, steel with low hardenability is selected for large molds.

2）模具钢原始组织中碳化物偏析严重或组织粗大，钢中存在石墨碳和碳化物的偏析和聚集。

2) The carbide segregation in the original structure of die steel is serious or coarse, and the segregation and aggregation of graphite carbon and carbide exist in the steel.

3）模锻工艺不正确，锻后球化退火不好，使模具钢球化不良。

3) Incorrect die forging process and poor spheroidizing annealing after forging result in poor spheroidizing of die steel.

4)退火或淬火加热时产生的脱碳层没有从模具表面去除。

4) The decarburized layer produced during annealing or quenching heating is not removed from the die surface.

5）模具淬火温度过高，淬火后残余奥氏体量过多；或淬火温度过低，加热保温时间不够，使模具钢相变不完全。

5) The quenching temperature of the die is too high, and there is too much residual austenite after quenching; Or the quenching temperature is too low and the heating and holding time is not enough, so that the transformation of die steel is incomplete.

6）模具淬火加热后，冷却速度太慢，级配等温温度过高或时间过长，淬火冷却介质选择不当。

6) After quenching and heating, the cooling speed is too slow, the grading isothermal temperature is too high or the time is too long, and the quenching cooling medium is improperly selected.

7）碱浴水分太少，或淬火冷却介质杂质过多，或淬火冷却介质老化。

7) There is too little water in the alkali bath, or there are too many impurities in the quenching cooling medium, or the quenching cooling medium is aging.

8）模具淬火冷却后，淬火冷却介质温度过高，冷却不充分。

8) After the die is quenched and cooled, the quenching cooling medium temperature is too high and the cooling is insufficient.

9）回火不足，回火温度高。

9) Insufficient tempering and high tempering temperature.

应对方法

Coping methods

1）正确选择模具钢的种类，大型模具应选用淬透性高的高合金模具钢。

1) The type of die steel should be selected correctly. High alloy die steel with high hardenability should be selected for large dies.

2）加强原材料检验，确保原材料符合标准。对劣质原料钢进行合理的锻造和球化退火，保证良好的组织。碳素工具钢不易多次退火以防止石墨化。

2) Strengthen raw material inspection to ensure that raw materials meet the standards. Reasonable forging and spheroidizing annealing shall be carried out for inferior raw steel to ensure good microstructure. Carbon tool steel is not easy to be annealed many times to prevent graphitization.

3）严格执行锻造工艺和球化退火工艺，保证良好的预备热处理组织。

3) Strictly implement the forging process and spheroidizing annealing process to ensure good preliminary heat treatment structure.

4）热处理前，应将模具表面的锈斑和氧化皮彻底，并注意加热时的保护。尽量采用真空加热淬火或保护气氛加热淬火。盐浴加热时应进行良好的脱氧处理。

4) Before heat treatment, the rust spots and oxide scales on the mold surface shall be completely removed, and attention shall be paid to the protection during heating. Vacuum heating quenching or protective atmosphere heating quenching shall be adopted as far as possible. Good deoxidation treatment shall be carried out during salt bath heating.

5）正确制定模具淬火加热工艺参数，保证充分的相变，并以大于临界冷却速度的冷却速度进行快速冷却，以获得合格的金相组织。

5) The quenching and heating process parameters of the die shall be correctly formulated to ensure sufficient phase transformation, and the rapid cooling shall be carried out at a cooling rate greater than the critical cooling rate, so as to obtain qualified metallographic structure.

6）正确选择淬火冷却介质和冷却方式，严格控制级配和等温温度和时间。

6) Correctly select quenching cooling medium and cooling mode, and strictly control grading, isothermal temperature and time.

7）严格控制碱浴的水分含量，长期使用的淬火冷却介质要定期过滤更换，保持清洁，定期检查其淬冷特性曲线。

7) Strictly control the moisture content of the alkali bath, regularly filter and replace the quenching cooling medium used for a long time, keep it clean, and regularly check its quenching characteristic curve.

8）对于大型模具，适当延长浸入淬火冷却介质的时间，防止淬火冷却介质温度过高。

8) For large molds, the immersion time of quenching cooling medium shall be appropriately extended to prevent the quenching cooling medium from overheating.

9)济南模具钢淬火后应及时充分回火，防止回火温度过高。

9) Jinan die steel should be fully tempered in time after quenching to prevent the tempering temperature from being too high.

10)对硬度要求较高的模具可采用深冷处理（如-110～-196℃）。

10) Deep cooling treatment (e.g. -110 ~ -196 ℃) can be adopted for molds with high hardness requirements.

11）进行表面强化处理。

11) Conduct surface strengthening treatment.

以上就是问题解答的相关内容了，希望能够帮助到大家，如对这一问题还存在任何疑问，都欢迎关注我们网站https://www.jnqhmj.com 并咨询我们的工作人员，将竭诚为您服务。

The above is the relevant content of the question answer. I hope it can help you. If you still have any questions about this problem, you are welcome to follow our website https://www.jnqhmj.com And consult our staff, will serve you wholeheartedly.